Table of contents:
- Botanical description of jasmine
- Indoor jasmine care tips
- Reproduction of indoor jasmine
- Types of indoor jasmine
- Useful properties of jasmine
- Possible growing difficulties
Video: Fragrant Jasmine. Flower And Shrub. Types, Cultivation, Care. A Photo
2024 Author: Ava Durham | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 00:23
Even when pronouncing the very name of this flower, you can already feel its delicate aroma … Jasmine (Jasminum) is a genus of evergreen shrubs from the olive family. It should not be confused with the chubushnik shrub, which in Russia is often incorrectly called jasmine. Jasmine is grown as an ornamental plant and as a house plant. Do you want to grow jasmine at home? Then let's figure out how to do it.
Content:
- Botanical description of jasmine
- Indoor jasmine care tips
- Reproduction of indoor jasmine
- Types of indoor jasmine
- Useful properties of jasmine
- Possible growing difficulties
Botanical description of jasmine
Jasmine is a curly or erect shrub with simple, trifoliate or pinnate leaves without stipules and large regular flowers. The corolla of the flowers is white, yellow or reddish, separated, mostly with a narrow long tube, inside which there are 2 stamens with short filaments; the ovary is superior, turning into a berry when ripe.
The homeland of jasmine is Asia, Arabian Po, Transcaucasia, North of China. At the moment, the genus Jasmine includes about 200 species that grow in the warm belt of both hemispheres, including the subtropics.
In the Caucasus and Crimea, two species grow wildly and are bred: Yellow Jasmine (Jasminum fruticans), and Real Jasmine, or White (Jasminum officinale).
Indoor jasmine care tips
Temperature
Jasmine is kept at normal temperatures in summer. In winter, jasmine is kept at a temperature of about + 8 … + 10 ° C, at least + 6 ° C. Jasmine Sambac in winter is kept at a temperature of + 17 … + 18 ° C, at least + 16 ° C, preferably not higher than + 22 ° C, at a higher temperature, high humidity must be maintained.
Lighting
Jasmine is photophilous, for good development and flowering it needs good lighting, with protection from direct sunlight in summer during the hot hours of the day. Jasmine grows well on eastern windows without shading.
Watering
Abundant in spring and summer, the soil should be slightly damp all the time. In winter, watering is more moderate. Jasmine does not tolerate overdrying an earthen coma, but stagnation of water in the roots should be avoided. Water for watering jasmine should be lukewarm at any time of the year and always soft. Better to use filtered water or boiled rainwater.
Fertilizing watering during the period of active growth from April to August - once a week, with liquid fertilizer for flowering indoor plants (potash fertilizers).
Air humidity
In the summer, jasmine is regularly sprayed with soft water.
Transfer
Jasmine is transplanted in spring, in March. Young plants are transplanted annually, old ones after 2-3 years. Soil: 1 part clay-sod, 1 part leaf and 1 part sand - for young plants. For old plants - clay-sod land is taken in 2 parts.
Pruning
Jasmines tolerate pruning painlessly. In the spring, before the start of intensive growth, the plants must be significantly cut, it is possible to 1/3 or even half the length of the shoots. Such pruning contributes to the formation of additional lateral branches, at the ends of which flowering will occur in the future. In order to prolong flowering in summer, pinch the shrub, leaving 6-8 pairs of leaves on the shoots.
Reproduction of indoor jasmine
Jasmines breed in spring and summer. In the spring, last year's lignified shoots remaining after pruning are used as cuttings, and in summer, green shoots are used for rooting.
In both cases, the harvested cuttings are planted in a substrate consisting of equal parts of washed coarse river sand and peat, covered with glass or plastic wrap and the air temperature is kept at least + 20 ° C.
In some species, roots are formed too slowly, so it is advisable to treat cuttings with heteroauxin or its analogs. Rooted cuttings (after about 20-25 days) are planted in pots with a diameter of 7 cm. An acidic substrate consisting of leafy soil, coniferous soil, peat and sand (2: 2: 2: 1) is used. In the future, young plants are transplanted every year, older ones - after 2-3 years.
Types of indoor jasmine
Jasmine officinalis (Jasminum officinale) is a liana with woody stems, feathery leaves and white flowers, collected in 5-6 pieces in a racemose inflorescence. The flowers are small - about 2.5 cm in diameter, but very fragrant. Blooms all summer. Begins to bloom in adulthood.
Multiflorous jasmine (Jasminum polyanthum) is a vine with woody stems, feathery leaves, similar to the previous species. The buds are pink, and the blossoming flowers are white, collected in 15-20 pieces in a racemose inflorescence. Blooms in spring. Flowering begins at a young age.
Jasmine sambac (Jasminum sambac) is a liana or climbing shrub with lignified pubescent stems. Leaves are opposite, glabrous or slightly pubescent, oval or ovoid, up to 10 cm long. Inflorescence is a cluster of 3-5 large, fragrant white flowers.
Jasmine primrose (Jasminum primulinum) - its creeping stems are tied to a support. The leaves are dark green, strongly elongated and pointed at the end, arranged in threes. The flowers are yellow, odorless, blooms in spring or summer.
Useful properties of jasmine
For medicinal purposes, all parts of the Jasmine officinalis plant are used. The leaves are used as an antipyretic, to reduce lactation; in the form of compresses, they are applied to skin ulcers. The raw root is used for headaches, insomnia, and painful symptoms associated with fractures.
Fragrant flowers are added to tea. Jasmine essential oil is a powerful antidepressant, it strengthens the nervous system, relieves feelings of anxiety and anxiety. Japanese physiologists have concluded that the aroma of jasmine invigorates more than coffee.
Jasmine oil is used in the perfumery industry, it is used for therapeutic baths, it is used for rubbing with it for muscle pain, and it is added to massage oil. Branches and shoots are used to weave baskets and make pipes. Large-flowered jasmine is cultivated for industrial purposes in many countries of the world. All real jasmines are wonderful honey plants.
Possible growing difficulties
Jasmine is most often affected by the red spider mite (in dry air, the leaves and stems are braided with cobwebs), whiteflies (whitish or yellowish spots appear on the underside of the leaves).
The plant can be helped by treatment with soapy water, warm washing and spraying with Aktellik (1-2 ml per liter of water) every three days.
Jasmine will perfectly decorate your interior and give an unforgettable scent. Growing it won't be a hassle, try it! And if you are already growing jasmine at home, share this experience in the comments to the article. We will be very grateful to you.
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