Video: Pruning Fruit After Winter
2024 Author: Ava Durham | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 00:23
The main tasks of pruning are crown formation, reducing the height and width of the crown to the optimal size, restoring growth, improving the light regime, regulating the processes of growth and fruiting, overcoming the frequency of fruiting, and improving the quality of fruits. During pruning, conditions are created for caring for the near-stem circles, air circulation in the crown is improved, convenience for care and harvesting of fruits is provided, and the light regime is improved.
There are several types of pruning: sanitary, household, anti-aging. Spring pruning is most often sanitary. This removes dry branches broken by snow and freezing rain, as well as branches damaged by diseases and pests.
Spring sanitary pruning allows you to form a beautiful crown, stimulates the formation of a high yield. Trees can easily tolerate it, recovery is very fast, wounds heal well. The main goal is the formation of the crown, the removal of branches that have been broken and dried up during the winter.
Winter pruning is especially necessary in the first four years after planting, when skeletal branches are laid. The optimal time for spring pruning is from the beginning of winter to the beginning of spring. In the conditions of the Non-Black Earth Belt, pruning can be carried out until the end of March. It is worth starting pruning as soon as the severe frosts subside. Then the trees will not freeze and not be severely damaged. As a rule, this falls on the end of February and mid-March.
The last time for sanitary pruning is the beginning of sap flow. Spring pruning is much easier than summer and autumn: less effort is required to cut or saw off branches, less often injury, bark scuffing, fractures, branches that need to be removed are clearly visible, it is convenient to install a ladder, and it is more stable in a snowdrift.
Dry and broken branches are the first to be removed during spring pruning; in winter they are especially clearly visible. Do not leave them until spring, this is an extra load on the tree. Then they start shortening the branches that can break. The next branches to be removed are improperly growing. Branches growing strictly vertically (upwards), crossing branches, branches growing at an acute angle and growing inward of the crown are removed. Too long branches are shortened.
Frost damage to trees in winter depends on many factors: the winter hardiness of the stock and scion, the location of the tree (lowland, elevation), the degree of protection from cold winds by forest belts, buildings, other trees).
After severe frosts, the gardener must determine the degree of damage in order to understand what measures should be taken. If up to 30% of flower buds are damaged, there is no threat to the harvest, since a decrease in the number of flower buds and fruits will be compensated by their larger size.
Damage to 30 to 50% of flower buds does not significantly affect the yield, the negative consequences can be corrected by adjusting the number of flowers during pruning in the phase of the retractable cone - pink bud.
If damage exceeds 50% -75% of the crown, a strong restorative pruning is carried out, stimulating the growth of new shoots. If more than 75% is damaged, fruit trees are uprooted.
For proper trimming, the tool used is important. It should be sharp, make an even cut without scuffing wood and bark. This is exactly the kind of tool the Grons tools are. They are made of high carbon steel, durable, lightweight. Thanks to the high quality of the metal and its sharpening, with the help of Grons pruners and delimbers, branches with a diameter of up to 50 mm, both live and dry, can be easily removed.
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