Solar Forsythia. Cultivation, Care And Reproduction. Photo

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Solar Forsythia. Cultivation, Care And Reproduction. Photo
Solar Forsythia. Cultivation, Care And Reproduction. Photo

Video: Solar Forsythia. Cultivation, Care And Reproduction. Photo

Video: Solar Forsythia. Cultivation, Care And Reproduction. Photo
Video: Forsythia - How to grow Forsythia - How not to prune Forsythia 2024, March
Anonim

Forsythia is a spectacular early flowering shrub with bright yellow flowers densely covering the bare branches of the plant. One of the very first decorations of the spring garden, forsythia blooms in our region in February-March, and its flowering lasts until April, when fresh leaves bloom to replace the withering flowers. Without forsythia, spring gardens would lose some of their charm.

Forsythia flowers
Forsythia flowers

Content:

  • Description of forsythia
  • Features of growing forsythia
  • Forsythia care
  • Reproduction of forsythia
  • Types of forsythia
  • Using forsythia
  • Forcing forsythia
  • Diseases and pests of forsythia

Description of forsythia

Forsythia (Forsythia), or Forsythia or forsitsiya - small genus of shrubs and trees of the family Oleaceae, flowering beautiful yellow flowers.

The plant is named after the English botanist William Forsyth. It unites 6 species common in East Asia and 1 species in Southeast Europe.

All species are similar in their morphological and biological characteristics, as well as in the nature of their use. This is perhaps one of the primeval shrubs; when most of the trees and shrubs are bare or barely beginning to turn green, forsythia are covered with beautiful golden-yellow flowers, similar to bells, and for 20-25 days they delight us with their elegant appearance.

During this period, a rare shrub can be compared with them in the abundance and beauty of flowers; simple or trifoliate, light green leaves that appear after flowering are painted in bright colors in autumn. In the temperate zone of Russia, ovoid, or oval, drooping, or hanging, and intermediate forsythia are most often grown. In the south of Russia, you can grow European forsythia, dark green and many other varieties.

Forsythia
Forsythia

Features of growing forsythia

Location: Forsythia love light and sheltered from the wind, but can grow in the shade.

Soil: humus, leafy earth, sand (1: 1: 2). The plant is good at liming. When planting, 300-400 g of slaked lime or 200 g of wood ash are introduced into the pit into acidic soil. Drainage from broken brick or crushed stone with a layer of 15-20 cm, sand on top with a layer of 5-8 cm.

Planting: the distance between plants is 1.5-2 m. The planting depth is 50-70 cm. The dimensions of the pit: 50x50 or 70x50 cm. It is better to plant and replant in the fall, without waiting for frost.

Forsythia care

In early spring, in April, full mineral fertilizer is applied 60-70 g / sq. m, after flowering: when laying new flower buds, Kemira-universal is recommended at the rate of 100-120 g / sq. m. Under normal precipitation, watering is not needed. Forsythia tolerates dry weather better than excess water in the soil. However, in hot and dry summers, it is watered once a month, 10-12 liters per plant, then loosened and mulched with earth. When weeding the weeds, the soil is loosened with a shovel bayonet.

In early spring, around the plants, but not close to its branches and trunks, spread a thick layer of rotted manure and watered abundantly. This is both mulch and organic fertilizer at the same time. Every spring, be sure to remove frozen and dry old shoots, as well as from a third to half of faded inflorescences. When pruning "on a stump", the plant grows quickly and restores the crown, as well as when shortening old faded branches. For the winter, it is recommended to cover with a dry leaf, spruce branches, bending branches to the ground.

Forsythia
Forsythia

Reproduction of forsythia

Forsythia is easily propagated by green and lignified cuttings and cuttings.

In June, cut the green cuttings and root them under plastic - in sand or perlite. The process can be accelerated by keeping the cuttings in a solution of root formation stimulants ("Kornevin", "Heteroauxin", "Epin").

Reproduction by lignified cuttings is also a simple matter. In October, cut the thick annual shoots into cuttings of 15 cm each, stick them into loose soil so that two or three buds remain on the surface, and cover with dry leaves. When you remove the leaves in the spring, many of the cuttings will begin to grow and will be transformed into seedlings by fall.

When propagating by layering in summer or autumn, bend the lower young branch to the ground, secure with hairpins and sprinkle with fertile soil - roots will quickly form on it. And in the spring, cut this branch from the bush. And next year, flowers will appear on the new plant. Before bending the branch, drag it with wire or cut the bark on it - then the roots will appear faster.

Types of forsythia

In central Russia, it is best to plant ovoid forsythia - it is the most winter-hardy.

Forsythia (Forsythia) ovoid is a low (1.5–2 m) sprawling shrub native to Korea. It has light yellowish-gray bark and juicy green leaves. In April, its branches are covered with bright yellow flowers. This species is best planted in central Russia - it is the most winter hardy. In the Moscow region, ovate forsythia does not even need to be covered for the winter, because even in the most severe cold only the tips of young shoots freeze. And the frozen bushes are perfectly restored. Most often there are two varieties - the dwarf 'Arnold Dwarf' - a dense shrub that does not bloom too luxuriantly, and 'Tetragold' - with a more powerful bush.

Forsythia ovoid
Forsythia ovoid

Forsythia (Forsythia) drooping, or weeping, or drooping was brought to Europe from China. Shrub up to 3 m tall with beautiful, arcuate curved branches. Sometimes they hang down to the ground and take root. The branches of the forsythia hanging down are reddish-brown, tetrahedral in cross section. And the leaves are either simple, or of three oblong lobes. This forsythia blooms early, with large, bell-like golden yellow flowers with orange stripes inside. On the branches, they are located one by one or in groups of three to six pieces.

In central Russia, the plant is sheltered for the winter, but in the more southern regions it feels great. The more winter-hardy form of this plant is Siebold's forsythia. She has very flexible stems that can be put on a trellis or spread on the ground.

Forsythia drooping, or crying, or drooping
Forsythia drooping, or crying, or drooping

Forsythia (Forsythia) is greenest best suited for warm climates. In the middle lane, it must be carefully covered for the winter. And in spring it is important to choose the right moment when to open the bush - so that it has time to bloom and at the same time the buds do not freeze.

Forsythia is greenest
Forsythia is greenest

Forsythia (Forsythia) medium, or hybrid, or intermediate is very popular in the West. It was obtained by crossing dark green and drooping forsythia. It is a three-meter shrub with thick branches and oblong leaves, with teeth along the edge. The plant is also quite cold hardy. There are several forms of intermediate forsythia, for example, dense-flowered - with light yellow flowers, collected in bunches, or primrose - with flowers at the base of the shoots. Both can be grown in the middle lane, the main thing is to cover them for the winter.

Forsythia is medium, or hybrid, or intermediate
Forsythia is medium, or hybrid, or intermediate

Using forsythia

Among deciduous shrubs, forsythia are famous for their exceptional decorative properties. Due to their early and long flowering, they look good not only in single and group plantings on lawns, but also as a component of complex compositions. Well-leafed species can be used with success to create very beautiful, dense hedges. In a blooming state, they are especially effective against the background of dark green conifers. In addition, forsythia bushes planted in advance in tubs can serve for winter forcing, and twigs cut in January-February and placed in water will give you in 8-10 days a delicate bouquet of bright golden flowers that can decorate any interior.

Forsythia hedge
Forsythia hedge

Forcing forsythia

You can admire the flowering of forsythia not only in the garden and not only in spring. Forcing its shoots will create an atmosphere of spring and holiday in the house during the cold season. You just need to prepare them in advance.

Shoots are cut off as soon as snow falls, but before frost. Choose annual branches 40-50 cm long, with a core diameter of no more than half the diameter of the shoot - others can rot.

Sprinkle the cut shoots with snow, or wrap them in several plastic bags and put them in the refrigerator.

To awaken the shoots, immerse them in water (30-35 ° C) for 4-5 hours. Dissolve sugar in water (50 g per liter) and put forsythia branches in it. After four days, flower buds will begin to appear on them, and after another five days - flowers.

Forcing forsythia
Forcing forsythia

Diseases and pests of forsythia

It is practically resistant to diseases and pests.

Withering. Spraying with basezol or zineb, captan with adhesives, concentration 0.2-0.5%. In case of bacteriosis, it is recommended to remove the plants along with the roots. If nematodes are found, it is necessary to disinfect the soil with carbation.

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