The Most Vitamin Plants Are Record Holders. Medicinal Plants. Vitamins And Herbs. Photo

2023 Author: Ava Durham | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-07-30 22:46

Among fruit and berry crops, the fruits of actinidia kolomikta have the highest vitamin C content - from 930 to 1430 mg% (mg% = mg / 100 g of product). This is 10-13 times higher than in lemon. And black currant berries, which is considered one of the main sources of ascorbic acid, contain only 100-400 mg% of it.

The need for an adult for this vitamin is about 70 mg per day, that is, only 2-3 actinidia berries. For the winter, they can be harvested as black currants (freeze or, by passing through a meat grinder, mix with sugar, etc.).

Actinidia is a dioecious plant, so you need to have a male and a female on the site. This climbing liana is very decorative - at the time of flowering, it dresses in a white outfit, the rest of the time it attracts with beautiful leaves.

Among vegetable crops, sweet pepper takes the first place in terms of vitamin C content - up to 500 mg%. The fruits also contain an alkaloid (alkaloid-like amide) capsaicin (about 0.03%), sugars (up to 8.4%), proteins (up to 1.5%); vitamins carotene (up to 14 mg%), P, B1, B2, essential (1.5%) and fatty (up to 10% in seeds) oil, steroid saponins.

But the record holder for this indicator among all known plants is the wild rose, which usually serves as a hedge in garden plots. Several dozen of its species are known. Of these, the most rich in vitamin C are those species in which, when the fruits ripen, the sepals on the top of the fruits do not fall off. The fruit pulp of these species contains vitamin C from 2000 to 5500 mg% on dry matter.

Other vitamins and bioactive substances in rose hips: vitamin P (rutin), B1, B., K, carotene, seeds - vitamin E. In addition, the fruits contain flavonol glycosides kaempferol and quercetin, sugars - up to 18%, tannins - up to 4.5%, pectins - 3.7%, organic acids: citric - up to 2%, malic - up to 1.8%, etc.; lycopene, rubixanthin, essential oil, a significant amount of potassium salts, leading trace elements - iron, manganese, phosphorus, calcium, magnesium.

In rose hips, ascorbic acid is about 10 times more (1.2 g / 100 g) than in black currant berries, and 50 times more than in lemon. Rosehip fruits have phytoncidal and powerful bactericidal properties. They are high in antioxidants.

Rosehip species contain much less ascorbic acid, in which the flowers are paler, the sepals fall off when the fruit ripens, and the top of the fruit is closed with a pentagonal area.

Feijoa is an evergreen shrub 2-3 m high, cultivated in subtropical countries. This plant got its name after the Brazilian naturalist Feijo, who first introduced it into culture. A unique feature of feijoa berries is the presence of water-soluble iodine compounds in them - 40 mg / 100 g of pulp, which gives them medicinal properties. In this respect, they cannot be compared with any other fruit. Undoubtedly, sea breezes, carrying volatile iodine adsorbed by feijoa fruits, have a great influence on the accumulation of iodine.

Edible honeysuckle is characterized by early ripening of berries - 7-10 days earlier than strawberries. In years with early and warm spring, the first berries appear at the end of May (in the Moscow region). In addition, its fruits contain a significant amount of P-active compounds (more than 2000 mg%), which carry out redox processes, perform protective functions, increase the stability of blood vessels, and are used for the prevention and treatment of radiation injuries.

Sesame seeds - an oil plant - can be considered a leader in calcium content, its content can be up to 1.4 g per 100 g of sesame seeds. They are used not only to obtain high quality oil, but also for confectionery, in the production of sweets, halva and other products. According to the accumulation of calcium, sesame is followed by parsley, dill, Peking cabbage, Savoy cabbage and its other types.

Sesame seeds, depending on the area of cultivation and variety, contain up to 60% fatty oil, up to 20% protein and up to 16% soluble carbohydrates. Also found lignans (sesamin, sesamolin), amino acids (histidine, tryptophan), tocopherols (vitamin E)

Carrots and pumpkin are famous for their richness in carotene (provitamin A). Carrots (5-30 mg%), pumpkin (2-35 mg%). Carrots contain carotenoids - carotenes, phytoene, phytofluene and lycopene; vitamins B, B2, pantothenic acid, ascorbic acid; flavonoids, anthocyanidins, sugars (3-15%), fatty and some essential oil, umbelliferone.

The daily requirement of an adult for carotenoids is 3-5 mg. Leafy vegetables are also rich in this vitamin, but they are usually consumed in small amounts. And from fruit and berry crops, sea buckthorn can boast of carotene (its berries contain up to 11 mg% carotene) and mountain ash - up to 12 mg%.

Rowan has a unique property: its wood is fire-resistant, which is especially taken into account when landscaping household plots.

Fruits contain about 8% sugars (fructose, glucose, sorbose, sucrose), as well as organic acids, including sorbic, which has an antiseptic effect, trace elements and vitamins - ascorbic acid (up to 200 mg%), vitamin P, carotene and glycosides (including amygdalin).

In conclusion, it should be reminded of aloe and cinquefoil. Their leaves contain the greatest amount of lithium, the lack of which leads to a violation of the nervous and mental activity of a person.