8 Most Spectacular Indoor Ferns Types, Home Care, Photo

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8 Most Spectacular Indoor Ferns Types, Home Care, Photo
8 Most Spectacular Indoor Ferns Types, Home Care, Photo

Video: 8 Most Spectacular Indoor Ferns Types, Home Care, Photo

Video: 8 Most Spectacular Indoor Ferns Types, Home Care, Photo
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Modern ferns are those rare plants of antiquity that, despite the past time and all kinds of cataclysms, not only survived, but in many ways were able to maintain their former appearance. In the indoor format, of course, it is not possible to grow any of the ferns, but some species have successfully adapted to life indoors. They look great as single plants or adorn a group of decorative deciduous flowers. The vibrant green of the dissected leaves in the composition creates an atmosphere of jungle and wet forest.

8 most spectacular indoor ferns
8 most spectacular indoor ferns

Distribution of ferns in nature

Having appeared on the planet more than 400 million years ago, these higher plants have survived the appearance and disappearance of dinosaurs, the change of historical periods, eras and eras, climate change, geography and geology of the continents, earthquakes and volcanic eruptions. Some plants replaced others, as more prepared for changing conditions, but only the ferns did not leave the stage.

Each time, adjusting and adapting to the environment, they managed not only to survive, but also to preserve intraspecific diversity, thanks to which we can largely imagine the flora of the ancient world.

Despite all the diversity, often all species are called with one word - ferns. Meanwhile, this is one of the most numerous groups of spore plants, including 48 families and more than 10 thousand fern species, among which there are both herbaceous and tree-like forms.

The variety of ferns is manifested not only in external difference - sizes from miniature to gigantic, structure of leaves, which are called frond ferns, but also their growing conditions are very different.

Epiphytic ferns can be found in the forest, where they grow on the branches and trunks of trees, in rock crevices, along roadsides and even on the walls of houses. For many of these plants, the main conditions are warm and damp, so most species prefer the humid tropics and subtropics.

The geography of distribution of ferns is very extensive. Various species were able to adapt to the most difficult conditions, so they can be found not only in the jungle, but also in the coniferous forests of Siberia, Bashkiria and the Far East. In Central Russia, there are about 20 species of ferns.

Features of growing indoor ferns

Some fern species do well in our homes, having managed to adapt to potted keeping. Despite the external differences, sometimes very significant, the requirements for the content of indoor species are very similar:

  • high air humidity;
  • good lighting without sunlight;
  • summer temperatures no higher than 23 on C;
  • winter rest period with a decrease in temperature;
  • feeding only in the spring and summer;
  • timely watering with settled water at room temperature;
  • transplant as the outlet grows;
  • nutritious air and moisture permeable soil;
  • if necessary, division of the mother plant.

For a list of the best ferns for indoor keeping, see below.

1. Nephrolepis

The most common naturally occurring kind of ferns Nephrolepis (Nephrolepis). About 30 species of this plant grow everywhere, and you can find them in the most unexpected places. Unpretentiousness, resistance to various diseases and pests were appreciated by flower growers in many countries of the world, and certain types of nephrolepis migrated to the premises.

Nephrolepis
Nephrolepis

One of the most popular potted ferns is Nephrolepis sublime. This species is quite common in houses, as it is the most unpretentious among its fellows. Nephrolepis frond reaches 70 cm in length and, thanks to numerous dissections, resemble exotic feathers of a delicate green color.

If the fern is kept in suitable conditions, and ideally for it - diffused light, warmth and high humidity, then it will certainly become the center of attention in the apartment - numerous bright slightly curved fronds will not leave anyone indifferent.

Nephrolepis Boston is a close relative of the Exalted Nephrolepis. It differs from its relative only in the shape of the leaf blades, which, twisting, give the whole plant a curly and very decorative look.

Nephrolepis Heart-shaped is distinguished by erect fronds with delicate rounded leaves. Branches of this type look very original and are often used to create bouquets and all kinds of flower arrangements. However, other types of ferns are also used for these purposes.

All types of nephrolepis multiply easily and do not pose any particular problems when growing. They can reproduce both by spores that form on the underside of the leaf plate and by offspring that appear on short ground rhizomes.

An adult plant is propagated by dividing the rhizome, while the fern should have several growth points. Their number will determine how many divisions will result from the operation. Reproduction by spores does not always bring results, since they do not fully ripen in indoor plants. Therefore, this method is rarely used by flower growers.

2. Asplenium

Well-kept room conditions and some types of asplenium (Asplenium). The second name of this fern is Kostenets. The Asplenium family unites about 500 different species of this plant, which can be found in the tropical forests of Africa and South America, India, Australia and New Zealand. Florists breed several species of this plant, which are completely different from each other.

Asplenium
Asplenium

The nesting asplenium is a rosette of long smooth leaves with slightly wavy edges and looks more like bromeliads. The length of the leaves often exceeds 70 cm, and, thanks to them, the whole plant has a very attractive solemn appearance. In nature, this epiphytic plant grows on tree trunks and feeds on moisture and organic matter that accumulates in the center of the outlet. This feature should be taken into account when growing in a room.

Two types of asplenium - bulbous and viviparous - are similar not only in appearance, but also in the way of reproduction. The fronds of these plants are similar to nephrolepis - the same dissected, pale green color. An adult plant forms daughter rosettes on the surface of the leaf plate, which eventually fall off the mother plant and, once on wet soil, easily root.

3. Platizerium

A very interesting type of fern is Platycerium, or Deer antlers (Platycerium). This is a rare plant, you can find it in greenhouses or among gardeners who are truly passionate about their work. In nature, a few representatives of this species live in Australia, India and some regions of Africa.

Platycerium, or Deer horns (Platycerium)
Platycerium, or Deer horns (Platycerium)

Like many other ferns, Platycerium is an epiphytic plant and in nature can reach very large sizes. The smooth long fronds of the Platycerium, thanks to the original dissection, look like the antlers of a deer, for which they called him that.

The peculiarity of this fern is that it has two types of frond - some are long, up to 1 meter and smooth, while others have special depressions in the form of pockets. These bins accumulate moisture, insect remains, seeds of various plants and leaves. Over time, all this decays, and the resulting organic matter feeds the plant.

Platizerium does not form spores and is bred only with lateral layers, which appear quite rarely. Most often, flower growers place deer antlers in hanging pots or attach to a snag. For pots, soil mixture is made from bark, moss, branches, or they buy ready-made soil for orchids. If the antlers are grown on driftwood, then you need to provide the plant with the necessary air humidity, and during watering, immerse the driftwood in water so that it is saturated with moisture.

4. Maidenhair

Maidenhair, or Curly fern (Adiantum) - one of 200 representatives of the maidenhair family. In nature, certain types of maidenhair are found in East Asia and South America, and in each of these two zones, their own centers of species identity are formed. Some varieties of this graceful fern can be grown indoors.

Maidenhair or Curly Fern (Adiantum)
Maidenhair or Curly Fern (Adiantum)

Maidenhair Venus hair - perhaps the most graceful of all indoor ferns, but also the most capricious. Long fronds of this plant look like brown thin threads, studded with delicate small leaves of a pale green color. Sori located on the lower side - spore-bearing areas - shine through the plates of the segments.

In nature, the maidenhair chooses secluded places for itself in crevices of rocks, among stony placers, near streams and lakes. The main thing for him is that there is shade and moisture. If it is possible to create similar conditions in the room, then there will be no problems with growing the maidenhair.

The plant is propagated, usually by dividing the rhizome or a piece of root with 2 to 3 buds. To grow Venus hair from spores, you need a small greenhouse with constantly moist and warm air.

Many years ago, while working in a greenhouse, I tried to grow maidenhair from disputes, but all my attempts ended in nothing - the disputes stubbornly did not want to germinate. The pots of mother plants were on our floor, in the darkest corner, as far as the term "dark" is appropriate for a solar greenhouse.

And what was my surprise when one day I saw that the green grass, making its way between the slabs on the floor, is a small sprouts of maidenhair. Dampness and concrete slabs turned out to be better for them than any greenhouse. So she planted them later - separated them with a fork and into a pot.

5. Pteris

Large family room floriculture pterisovyh gave its representative - pteris (Pteris). Ferns of this species are ubiquitous - where there are tropics or subtropics, there is also pteris. In indoor floriculture, several types of pteris are common, but all of them are quite unpretentious.

Pteris (Pteris)
Pteris (Pteris)

Cretan pteris has beautiful feathery leaves up to 50 cm long. The segments are arranged in pairs from 2 to 6 and have a beautiful color - the center of the plate is bluish-green with a dark border around the edges.

The xiphoid pteris looks a little like the Cretan pteris, but its color is somewhat darker, and the leaf segments have jagged edges.

All types of pteris prefer high air humidity, well-lit location, but not exposed to sunlight. Grows well at moderate temperature not higher than 22 of C. In the winter dormant period is required the temperature is lowered to 17-18 of C. Lower temperatures are not desirable, although hardy pteris withstand momentary cooling to 10 of the S.

Pteris propagates, like most ferns, by spores and division of the bush.

6. Pelley

Pelleya (Pellaea) belongs to the family sinopterisovye and is found in sub-tropical forests of Africa, South America and New Zealand. Pelleys, or, as they are also called, button ferns, are grown mainly in greenhouses or in conservatories, since of all indoor ferns, these are the most capricious.

Pelley (Pellaea)
Pelley (Pellaea)

Pellea is a round - leaved owner of beautiful juicy greenery. Round leathery segments are tightly attached to thin, fleecy shoots, forming a dense green bush, no more than 25 cm high. This is perhaps the only indoor fern that does not require high humidity.

Under natural conditions, pellets withstand dry periods, shedding greens. With the onset of rains, the leaves form new segments and the plant returns to its original form.

Despite being undemanding to humidity, pellets are rarely grown in rooms, since they are very sensitive to air temperature and prefers a cool content, especially in winter.

In greenhouses you can find other types of Pella - pelleya green, pelleya spear, pelleya naked, pelleya ovoid, pelleya dark purple. In general, these plants are similar to each other, differ mainly in the shape and color of the leaf segments and in height, which varies depending on the species from 25 to 60 cm.

7. Davallia

Davallia (Davallia) is another unpretentious epiphyte that was able to adapt to indoor conditions. The main habitats of the Davalliev family ferns are the tropics of Asia, Polynesia, the Canary Islands and the island of Java. The peculiarity of davallia is openwork greenery. Moreover, on old, lower fronds, it has a yellowish tint, while young growths that appear from the center dazzle with their bright green.

Davallia
Davallia

The superficial roots of davallia, growing rapidly, creep out of the pot, giving the plant a very exotic look. In no case should you cut off these roots - the plant may not survive this. Due to the shaggy roots hanging from the pot, dawallia is also called "squirrel feet" or "hare feet".

Long curved fronds allow dawallia to be used as an ampelous plant. In a suspended planter in good light, the plant grows well and looks very attractive. The living conditions are the same as for other ferns, with the only difference that high humidity is needed not only for greenery, but also for aerial roots. Therefore, it is recommended to spray the plant from "head to toe".

Dawallia multiplies by dividing the bush and the best time for this is spring.

8. Blehnum

Blechnum (Blechnum) - one of 200 species of ferns of the family Loadenaceae. The geography of distribution of this plant is North America, Asia, Japan, Europe. Blehnum is highly decorative. Long fronds of this fern species, rushing up, often reach a length of 1 m. Numerous green segments are elongated and give the blehnum a resemblance to a palm tree.

Blechnum
Blechnum

Sori are located in pairs along the main vein on the underside of the green segments. The fronds are collected in a dense rosette, which is attached to a lignified short trunk. With age, the trunk stretches, and with it the resemblance to a palm tree increases.

Blehnum is very picky about not only air humidity - the earthen lump should also always be slightly damp. At the same time, moisture retention in the pot must not be allowed - the drainage holes must work.

Fertilizers are applied in spring and summer twice a month, while the concentration is made twice weaker than the recommended one. He does not like drafts and sudden changes in temperature, so a room with a wide open window will most likely not suit him.

Optimum temperature during the growing season … + 20 + 25 of the C, in a rest period of 18 + … + 20 of S. Blehnum dislikes frequent transplants are transplanted however it only as needed.

Blehnum is not the easiest fern for indoor keeping, but if it is possible to provide it with suitable conditions, it is difficult to come up with the best decoration for the room.

Dear Readers! Ferns in rooms not only live, grow, but also multiply. Of course, for a flower to grow healthy and look gorgeous, it will take some effort. But this does not stop flower growers, especially since nothing more than natural is needed. Spray more often, water and fertilize on time, put away from the sun and heating appliances - it's easy. And for the owners of apartments with windows to the north - the collection of ferns will replace exotic plants that cannot do without the sun.

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