Growing Greens In A Greenhouse In Winter. Onions, Dill, Parsley. Photo

In a small summer cottage or a large local area there is always a place for a greenhouse, which can be used almost all year round, including the greenhouse off-season, to grow fresh herbs for the dining table. In winter, in heated greenhouses in cold regions and unheated in the south, you can grow dill, parsley, salads, celery, and onions. Greens and onions, as a rule, belong to early ripening vegetables with a short growing season, which allows you to harvest several crops during the autumn-winter season and constantly have greens on the table.

Content:

• Preparing to grow greens in a greenhouse
• Features of growing green vegetables in winter
• Growing onions on a feather
• Growing dill in a greenhouse
• Growing parsley in a greenhouse
• What's next?

Preparing to grow greens in a greenhouse

There are 2 ways to grow greens in the autumn-winter period:

• Using the main area. But this is not always desirable. Especially if the soil is already prepared for the main greenhouse crops;
• On the additional space created by the racks for placing boxes and other containers for greenery. This is the simplest and cheapest option and is a win-win for beginners.

Preparation for growing greenery in greenhouses:

• Knock down the racks (or 1 rack);
• Purchase boxes and other containers;
• Prepare the soil mixture and fill the container, sign for which crop;
• Enter in the garden diary a list and agrotechnical requirements for the culture;
• Purchase the required seeds.

That, perhaps, is all the preparatory work. With the acquisition of practical experience, it is possible to introduce other crops, except for dill, parsley, onions on a feather. You will get a rack culture rotation, and even compacted. Try it and you will definitely succeed.

Features of growing green vegetables in winter

For winter cultivation, crops are usually selected that are unpretentious to care, do not require special temperature and light conditions. A short growing season makes it possible to harvest several harvests during the winter season. In order to get timely good, environmentally friendly products, it is necessary to strictly fulfill the agrotechnical requirements for crop cultivation.

An important role in winter cultivation is given to the location of the crop. So, dill tolerates shading and therefore it can be placed in a greenhouse in low-light places, the salad is so unpretentious that it grows in any conditions, and parsley requires lighting and a certain thermal regime.

Growing onions on a feather

Onions on a feather are the most popular crops in winter. The specific taste perfectly complements any dish, but also helps to strengthen the immune system, contains a huge list of vitamins necessary for the body.

For growing in a greenhouse, the following varieties can be recommended: Bessonovsky, Karatalsky, Arzamas, Strigunovsky, Rostov onions (early maturing). For forcing, bows are used that do not have a dormant period and after harvesting, are ready for the formation of new crops (multi-tiered, slime), as well as species with a very short rest period - chives and batun onions.

Preparatory work

So, from boxes and other containers on the shelves, a prefabricated plot has been prepared, convenient in that it is always possible to transfer crops and place them next to the desired neighbor. Under the onion, prepare a simple soil mixture of garden soil and peat or other loosening material. We spread the film to the bottom, pierce several holes (in case of waterlogging) and fill it 2/3 with the prepared substrate.

Sprinkle and mix nitrogen fertilizer with the top layer of the soil substrate. Since onions for feathers and harvesting are scheduled in a short time (modified forcing method), the dose of mineral fertilizers should not exceed 10 g / m2 of the total area of the boxes. If the soil is depleted in nutrients, we fertilize the prepared soil with 15-20 g of nitroammofoska per square meter. We water the soil with a warm solution of trichodermine or planriz from fungal diseases and leave the soil to ripen.

Preparing and planting bulbs

• The bulbs left for winter forcing are calibrated by size. It is advisable to occupy a separate box with one-size planting material. The most acceptable turnip is 3-5 cm in diameter.
• We cut off the neck of the bulb with a pruner, even if it is germinated. Reception helps to interrupt the dormant period in this culture.
• Pour the prepared onion into separate bags or knots made of gauze or other rarefied material and lower it for 10-15 minutes in water heated to +40.. + 45 ° С. You can immediately use a 0.5% solution of potassium permanganate.
• We immediately plant the processed bulbs in a prepared container and place them on the shelves or shelves of the greenhouse.
• We plant the turnip at a distance of 1-1.5 cm from each other. The distance between the rows of bulbs is at least 2-3 cm. The heads are buried 1/3 into the ground.

Greenhouse onion care

Onion care includes watering, feeding, regulation of temperature and light conditions.

Watering

During forcing, the onion is watered 2 times. After planting, a plentiful rate until wet. The second - after 1.5-2.0 weeks, with a fine-mesh watering can with warm water at room temperature. The watering rate correlates with the soil condition (the more drying, the higher the watering rate). The week before the mass cutting, the onion is watered for the last time. If the onion is used gradually (if necessary), then the soil is kept moist (not wet).

Top dressing

If the soil is fertile enough, then it is undesirable to feed the culture. On depleted soils, top dressing is carried out once with a solution of nitrophoska (10-15 g / 10 l of water) or ammonium nitrate (15-20 g / 10 l of water) 2 weeks after planting. For feeding, you can use a solution of a mixture of 20 g of water-soluble superphosphate and potassium sulfate per 10 liters of water.

Mix the solutions thoroughly and pour from a fine-mesh watering can. The fertilizer solution must always be washed off the leaf surface with clean water. You can sprinkle the soil with wood ash - a source of micro- and macroelements in an accessible form.

Temperature regime

For closed ground, it is very important to maintain the temperature regime of the air within +10.. + 15 ºС.

If you fence off a separate compartment in the greenhouse and raise the daytime air temperature to +18.. + 20 ° С, and reduce the night temperature to +12.. + 15 ° С, you can get a green feather in 25-30 days.

In case of strong unwanted growth of greenery, the air temperature is reduced to +10.. + 12 ° С. At the same time, the growth and yield of bulbous greens is reduced.

Lighting for onions in the greenhouse

Onions grow and develop normally in natural greenhouse light, but leaves are pale green in color. Additional lighting increases the elasticity of the leaves and the intensity of their color. In case of rack cultivation, to save light energy, only the lower racks with excessive shading can be illuminated. Phytolamps are usually used for lighting in greenhouses.

Harvest

Onion feathers can be cut as needed when they reach 15-20 cm.

Growing dill in a greenhouse

To extend the production of dill greens, sowing it in the allotted area is carried out in several stages with a gap of 10-12 days or used as a compactor for onions (by changing the planting scheme of bulbs) lettuce, Chinese cabbage and other crops.

Dill seed preparation

For accelerated production of greens, dill is sown with sprouted seeds. To do this, 3-4 days before sowing, we wrap the seeds in double gauze. Soak in water at 40-50 ° C. This technique is necessary to remove essential oils from the surface of seeds, which will accelerate the emergence of seedlings and a more friendly growth of seedlings. During soaking, we change the water once a day, and thoroughly rinse the seeds under running water. At the end of the 3rd day, spread the glued seeds on a dry cloth to dry.

Greenhouse dill varieties

It is most rational to grow early maturing varieties in a greenhouse for distillation for a family.

• Aurora (cutting greenery on the 25th day from germination),
• Gribovsky (cutting greens on day 30 from germination),
• Distant (cut on day 38 from germination).

They form fragrant juicy greens within a month, which must be removed immediately, since then without interruption the plants move to flowering.

Preparing the soil for dill

Dill is undemanding to the soil, therefore, as a compactor, it grows normally and develops in the substrate of the main crop. When grown separately, forcing dill is sown in a separate container - a container or box. We mix the soil with peat, humus, biohumus, sand, any other baking powder to increase water and air permeability. In heavy, dense soils, the roots of dill begin to rot, the plant becomes ill with powdery mildew, treatment with drugs is not recommended.

Further soil preparation, as for onions. Add to the substrate by 1 sq. m of the area of boxes of 20 g of urea and 15 g of potassium sulfate, can be replaced with wood ash. Mix thoroughly with the soil and water. The soil under the dill should be constantly loose for more oxygen access.

Sowing dill

In the prepared moist soil, after 12-15 cm, we make grooves 2 cm deep. We sow the seeds line by line and sprinkle with a small layer of soil. Most often, a one-line sowing pattern is used, but you can sow in a belt method in 3-5 lines. In this case, the distance between the grooves in the tape is 8-12 cm, and between the tapes is 15-20 cm.

Moisturizing

For dill, constant soil moisture is optimal (without excessive moisture, since the greens will be watery, they can get sick). Before germination, the soil is moistened daily from a sprayer. With the emergence of seedlings, the seedlings are watered every 5-7 days with a moderate rate of water when the top layer of the soil dries up.

Top dressing

Top dressing is carried out twice before the first cut: nitrofoskoy 15-20 g / m2. area of boxes or a solution of fertilizers used when sowing seeds. After a large cut on the greens, the remaining 5-10 cm of "hemp" is fed with an ammonia solution of 10-15 g / 10 l of water. If the cutting is done selectively (for the family), then no additional fertilizing is carried out on the greens until the final harvest.

Temperature and light conditions

Dill is a fairly cold-resistant culture, so the air temperature in the greenhouse is maintained at 15..18 ° C without drafts. It can be placed closer to the doors. Dill is so unpretentious that it endures cultivation in shaded areas. When growing in boxes on racks, we additionally illuminate with phytolamps only the lower racks, where the highest shading of plants is observed.

Harvest

For the bushes to be leafy, dill needs a sufficient area for food. Therefore, at a height of 10 cm, we thin out the culture, carefully pulling out the plants by the root or pinching off at the soil level. Plugged plants can be transplanted or used for food.

Growing parsley in a greenhouse

Preparing parsley seeds

Parsley has a very long pre-emergence period, which, depending on the variety and growing conditions, is about 45 days. To shorten the pre-emergence period, it is better to sow parsley with germinated seeds. To do this, before sowing, the seeds are kept for 5 days in a moist two-layer gauze.

Sprouted seeds are transferred for 10 days to a room with a temperature of +1 ° C. When sown, such seeds germinate on days 15-17 and form an aboveground mass 3 times faster than with conventional sowing.

Sowing parsley

Divide the prepared substrate into furrows every 10 cm, 2 cm deep. Evenly after 4-5 cm, place the seeds in the furrows and cover them with soil, smoothing them with your hand.

After sowing, we moisten the soil through a sprayer so as not to wash the seeds out of the substrate. The air temperature is maintained within +12.. + 18 ° С not higher. At + 20 ° C, parsley leaves wither from overheating.

Greenhouse parsley care

If the seedlings are dense, we carry out thinning, leaving the distance between the seedlings at least 5 cm.

We water the parsley when the top layer dries out, since the plants do not tolerate high humidity well.

Loosen the soil until the rows close and destroy the weeds. Top dressing cannot be carried out.

For home use, the aboveground mass with a height of 10-12 cm can be cut into greens.

After the first cut, the remaining "hemp" of parsley is fed with a solution of nitrogen-potassium fertilizers at the rate of 7-10 g / 10 l of warm water. During the cold period in the greenhouse, it is possible to harvest a 5-fold harvest of parsley, supplying the family with fortified greens throughout the winter.

What's next?

For novice gardeners, it will be a good practice and support to grow 2-3 green crops in a greenhouse that do not require complex care. Experienced greenhouses can grow a larger list of early ripening crops with a short growing season in a greenhouse over the winter, using them as the main and compaction: salads (leafy, cabbage, crass salad), radishes of different varieties, rhubarb and other crops.