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Video: Prevention Is The Basis Of The Fight Against Whitefly In Greenhouses. How To Get Rid Of? Means And Prevention
2024 Author: Ava Durham | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-17 00:23
Whitefly is a miniature, 1.5-3.0 mm insect with translucent wings of fairy elves and is a formidable pest of green plants, especially in confined spaces. None, even the most poisonous chemicals, are not able to destroy the whitefly "on the vine." Every year she returns with rare tenacity to the greenhouses and necessitates a new wave of merciless and sometimes useless struggle with her. Why it happens? What measures are needed to clear the greenhouse and surrounding area from whitefly attacks?
Big problems with the protection of vegetables and other crops from whitefly in greenhouses most often arise among novice gardeners. It seems that if you spray the plants with a strong toxic chemical several times, then the whitefly is over! No! In the course of natural development, the whitefly has developed a unique ability to survive. And there are two such moments in the cycle of its development:
- egg-laying protected by a special waxy substance, invulnerable to pesticides;
- nymph stage, in order to preserve life and "give birth" to the egg-laying stage of insects, she stops feeding and also becomes covered with a wax-like substance inaccessible to the absolute majority of pesticides. The hatching female, during the allotted life period, manages to lay several dozen protected egg-laying, in which the survival rate of the larvae is up to 90%. For all stages of development, about 80-90% reaches the stage of nymphs - a whole army of pests. During the season, the whitefly manages to form 15 or more generations, the development cycle of which is only 25 days. In the fall, it goes into any crevice, where it can calmly endure bad weather, especially under a thick snow cover.
Analysis of literature data and our own experience have shown that those who cannot get rid of the whitefly and it returns again and again to greenhouses violate the basic rule of dealing with this pest. To destroy the whitefly, it is necessary to carry out a full cycle of preventive work annually, including autumn and spring processing of the greenhouse and the surrounding area.
Preventive work against whitefly
For the tips to work, they must be fully followed. Separate lines, doses, treatment periods torn from articles will not have a positive effect. Most often this effect will be limited to just one season.
Carry out all preventive autumn work in the greenhouse
Empty the greenhouse completely. If necessary, cover the ground with foil and decontaminate all internal greenhouse parts. It is very important to handle hard-to-reach corners, crevices, interframe spaces, etc. Accessible places can be painted, and in hard-to-reach places, a disinfecting solution can be blown out. Against the whitefly, this should be a substance that will dissolve the protective shell of the egg-laying:
- creolin solution (cypermethrin), which acts like Mospilan, Sharpey, Inta-Vir,
- aerosol ("KRA - deo super"),
- a solution of technical alcohol (vodka) with water in a 1: 1 ratio. The mixture dissolves the protective shell of the clutch and destroys the whitefly eggs. A solution of alcohol with water destroys whitefly well at all stages of development and when spraying plants. Dissolve 2 tablespoons of 96% alcohol in 1 liter of water and spray the plants.
Literally all hard-to-reach places should be rinsed (remember, the size of a whitefly does not exceed 3 mm, and any gap is accessible to it).
- 2-3 days after the first treatment, repeat spraying all parts of the greenhouse with Aktara, which will have an additional effect and destroy all the offspring of the whitefly, including adults.
- Use hormonal chemicals effectively, such as Match, Admiral. But their action is aimed only at the destruction of eggs and larvae. These drugs do not work on adults and require additional treatment against adults. It can be additionally treated with Aktara, Aktellik, Sharpey, Tanrek and other chemicals.
It is better to process the greenhouse in the evening, in calm weather, taking all protective measures against toxic substances (glasses, respirator, dressing gown, trousers, boots, hat).
After finishing the processing of walls and all floors, you need to disinfect the soil
Whitefly does not tolerate an alkaline environment. Therefore, first, the soil is digged with the introduction of slaked lime, ash, and other powder. Sprinkling the soil with slaked lime is carried out at the rate of 100-200 g / sq. m of area and dug onto a layer of newly introduced soil or 10-15 cm. Ash - 2-3 glasses per sq. m. Other substances are introduced in accordance with the recommendations.
The last autumn chord of work against the whitefly is the fumigation of the greenhouse. For fumigation, you can use special smoke bombs Peshka-S, sulfur bombs or Hephaestus tobacco bombs. The latter can also be used in the growing season for greenhouse crops. The smoke is not harmful to plants. If there are no checkers, you can fumigate with sulfur, spread out on metal baking sheets at the rate of 50-80 g / cu. m of greenhouse space. The greenhouse must be well insulated. Ventilate after 2-3 days. When fumigated, the gas penetrates the soil, causing the death of overwintering larvae and adults. Please note! Fumigation does not harm whitefly eggs. Additional tillage is required.
The whitefly and its offspring do not tolerate low temperatures, therefore, after the measures taken, it is effective to freeze the greenhouse, lowering the temperature in it to minus 15 … 20 * С. Some greenhouses believe that if the roof of the greenhouse is open and it is full of snow, then this is enough for the death of the whitefly. No! She winters beautifully under the snow. Therefore, freezing must be carried out before snowfall or in early spring, removing its excess. Only outdoors in winter conditions the whitefly does not survive. If there are no low winter temperatures in the region, then they carry out all disinfecting measures and finish the preparation (autumn, spring pre-planting) with fumigation.
Preventive cleaning of the greenhouse area
It is necessary to remove all trash and equipment from the greenhouse and the surrounding area. Clean, rinse, fold into an extension, the temperature in which in winter will be equal to the outside temperature (natural freezing). Do not forget to disinfect this attachment beforehand.
The whitefly can be destroyed in the greenhouse, but it will definitely reappear - from neighbors, purchased seedlings, from weeds on which eggs and adults overwinter. Therefore, it is very important to keep the area adjacent to the greenhouse clean.
It is imperative to destroy all weeds, especially runny, nettles, wood lice. You can fence off your neighbors with a Moorish lawn, where you can plant plants that attract whitefly. A small layer of dill, celery, parsley plants will serve as a natural barrier for the whitefly. They are inhabited by wasps, macrolophus bugs, ladybugs, lacewing and other predatory insects that destroy the pest. You can plant fragrant martinia on the lawn and in the greenhouse. The sticky substance on the martinia leaves serves as a natural adhesive on which the whitefly dies. Some gardeners recommend planting in Ageratum greenhouses in Houston (Gauston). We advise you to be careful with this plant. It contains coumarin - a substance dangerous to humans, especially for allergy sufferers. Alkaloid vapors (and it is hot in the greenhouse), when in contact with mucous membranes, can cause bleeding. But this plant can be used outdoors in a makeshift lawn or flower garden, where it will successfully exterminate the whitefly. Mint and tansy are attractive for the whitefly. Adults always rush to their aroma. By cultivating the lawn in the summer and mowing for the winter, you can protect vegetable crops from whiteflies that penetrate into the territory of the dacha from the outside.
Dear Reader! This article lists only some of the ways to protect greenhouses from whitefly. This article is a reminder that it is possible to completely protect greenhouse crops from pests only when performing a set of works. 1-2 single spraying is just a temporary escape from the problem. More complete materials on the whitefly, its development, reproduction and control measures during the growing season of plants can be found in the article "Whitefly and pest control measures."
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