Powdery Mildew On Gooseberries - Methods Of Prevention And Control. Spheroteka. Biofungicides And Folk Methods. Photo

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Powdery Mildew On Gooseberries - Methods Of Prevention And Control. Spheroteka. Biofungicides And Folk Methods. Photo
Powdery Mildew On Gooseberries - Methods Of Prevention And Control. Spheroteka. Biofungicides And Folk Methods. Photo

Video: Powdery Mildew On Gooseberries - Methods Of Prevention And Control. Spheroteka. Biofungicides And Folk Methods. Photo

Video: Powdery Mildew On Gooseberries - Methods Of Prevention And Control. Spheroteka. Biofungicides And Folk Methods. Photo
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Protecting plants from various diseases takes the lion's share of summer residents' time in summer. And this struggle does not always end with a positive result for plants. One of the most harmful diseases affecting gooseberries is American powdery mildew, or gooseberry spherotheca. In this article, we will tell you whether the disease can be prevented, and what to do if powdery mildew does appear on the gooseberry.

Powdery mildew on gooseberries - methods of prevention and control
Powdery mildew on gooseberries - methods of prevention and control

Content:

  • Distinctive features of powdery mildew
  • Why powdery mildew occurs annually
  • Powdery Mildew Resistant Gooseberry Varieties
  • Prevention of powdery mildew on gooseberries
  • Fighting gooseberry powdery mildew

Distinctive features of powdery mildew

The first manifestations of the defeat of the gooseberry bushes by the spheroteka coincide with the beginning of bud opening. On the upper side of the young leaf blade and on the tops of the shoots, a cobweb white bloom appears, which gradually grows, thickens and takes on a felt appearance, mottled with black dots. This is mycelium with spores.

As it grows, it moves to the entire aerial part of the plant. The mycelium emits viable spores that are scattered by wind and rain. It is this first infection that is the most harmful; it affects leaves and young shoots, ovaries.

If nothing is done, the diseased plant stops its development, the berries crumble even in the process of growth and ripening, the shoots bend, the bush gradually takes on the appearance of sprinkled with lime solution and dies. At the same time, ideal conditions are created on the site for further infection with spheroteca not only of gooseberries, but also of other fertile shrubs.

The first manifestations of the defeat of the gooseberry bushes by the spheroteka coincide with the beginning of budding, so it is important to carry out preventive spraying of the bushes at this time
The first manifestations of the defeat of the gooseberry bushes by the spheroteka coincide with the beginning of budding, so it is important to carry out preventive spraying of the bushes at this time

Why powdery mildew occurs annually

During the growing season, conidia (spores) are separated from the mycelium. Very small and light (dusty), they are easily carried by the wind over considerable distances and infect healthy bushes of gooseberries and other berries (white, black, pink currants, etc.).

Throughout the warm period, there is a re-infection of shoots, branches, bushes. At the same time, at first the plants seem to be absolutely healthy, and the spores safely endure the winter and next year in the spring give rise to a new outbreak of infection.

The main condition for the rapid development of the spheroteca and the destruction of new bushes is the alternation of high humidity (at least 60-80%) and dry hot weather (+ 25 … + 30 ° С). If such drops occur during the growth phase of young leaves, the increased development of mycelium begins with the formation of conidia.

The incubation period of their development, depending on the temperature, ranges from 5-7 days. If rains begin during this period, then the spread of the disease practically does not occur. Conidia remain on the mycelium. But with the cessation of rains, the establishment of warm comfortable weather with optimal air humidity from soil evaporation, the pathogen begins to develop rapidly. In just 2-3 days, the bushes are captured by the spheroteca (covered with a white bloom of mycelium).

With such a combination of weather conditions and the rapid infection of new bushes with a spheroteca, in no case should the plants be fed with nitrogen. Enhanced growth of young leaves from nitrogen feeding will ensure the rapid growth of the pathogen.

Powdery Mildew Resistant Gooseberry Varieties

The main prevention against spheroteca and other diseases is the selection of varieties that are resistant to this type of disease and adapted to the conditions of the region or even the region.

Breeders today offer the following gooseberry varieties resistant to powdery mildew: Kooperator, Eaglet, Consul, Malachite, Black Negus, Mashenka, Yubileiny, Finsky, Grushenka, etc. …

In recent years, there has been an increased demand for gardeners with thornless varieties resistant to fungal diseases: Kolobok, Ural Grapes, Harlequin, Kuibyshevsky, etc.

When planting gooseberry bushes, it is important to keep the distance between the plants
When planting gooseberry bushes, it is important to keep the distance between the plants

Prevention of powdery mildew on gooseberries

Simple agronomic techniques will help minimize the chances of powdery mildew on gooseberries in the next season:

  • When cleaning an area of berry bushes in autumn, be sure to remove fallen leaves and burn;
  • Cut and destroy bushes and shoots of affected plants annually;
  • Always work with a disinfected tool;
  • During the growing season, keep the site clean of weeds, as some of them are prone to being affected by fungal diseases, which means they are involved in the spread of the disease;
  • Plant new gooseberry bushes taking into account their resistance to powdery mildew;
  • Avoid thickening the bushes when planting. There should be normal air circulation between the bushes;
  • Sprinkle watering in the morning, so that the bushes have time to dry out during the day. For regular watering (with a hose), water under the bush. In general, it is better to use drip irrigation;
  • When feeding, especially in warm cloudy weather with high humidity, exclude nitrogen feeding. You can replace them with the introduction of wood ash, phosphorus-potash or full complex fertilizer.

Processing gooseberries with copper sulfate or milk solution

Every year in early spring, before or after the leaves bloom, treat the bushes with a solution of copper sulfate.

You can replace copper sulfate with annual preventive treatment of gooseberry bushes (and other crops) with a solution of whey or a solution of milk with the addition of iodine. The dairy product has an antiseptic effect only when there is sufficient sunlight. Therefore, abundant double-sided spraying (before the liquid flows from the leaves) is carried out at 10-11 o'clock in the morning, necessarily in sunny weather, after 1.5-2 weeks.

The solution is prepared in the following proportions: add 2-3 liters of water (no more) and 5-7 drops of iodine to 1 liter of whey / milk. At a lower concentration, the solution does not work.

Processing gooseberry bushes with ash infusion

Some gardeners carry out the prophylaxis of spheroteka on gooseberries by treating the bushes with an ash solution - in the leaf blooming phase (before flowering). At about the end of May-beginning of June, the suppression of the disease is combined with this treatment with foliar feeding with trace elements contained in the ash.

The solution is prepared as follows: pure wood ash is diluted with water in a proportion of 1 kg of ash per 10 liters of water. Insist 3-5 days (you can boil for 0.5 hour and cool), stirring 1-2 times a day.

Add a few tablespoons of grated soap to the solution. The solution is thoroughly mixed until the soap dissolves. Strain through several layers of cloth so that the sprayer does not clog when spraying. Apply three times spraying at intervals of a day.

Spend sprinkling watering gooseberries in the morning so that the bushes have time to dry out during the day
Spend sprinkling watering gooseberries in the morning so that the bushes have time to dry out during the day

Fighting gooseberry powdery mildew

Protective measures for the defeat of gooseberries by spheroteka can be carried out using chemical, biological and folk remedies.

Use of chemicals

Gooseberries form a harvest in a very short time. The waiting period when treating bushes with pesticides lasts up to 30 days or more. Therefore, the use of pesticides in the fight against powdery mildew on gooseberries is not recommended.

Use of biochemicals

The safest method to combat this disease is to use biofungicides. These are biological preparations that do not have a negative effect on the health of people, animals and birds and, if used correctly, provide a good yield of high quality berries.

The most popular biofungicides that protect gooseberries from spheroteka are Fitosporin-M (there is no waiting period, the berries can be eaten the next day after the treatment of the bush, and must be washed in clean water before use).

Good results are provided by treatment with the preparations "Planriz", "Gamair", "Trichodermin", "Pseudobacterin-2". All biological products must be prepared and used for treating bushes according to the recommendations.

Folk methods of protecting gooseberries from powdery mildew

Infusion of fresh manure kills pathogenic microflora. Solution preparation: 1 kg of fresh manure is poured into 10 liters of water. Day insist. The bushes are filtered and processed every 7-10 days until the signs of the disease disappear.

Mixed solution of aspirin and baking soda. Mix 1 tablespoon of baking soda + 1 tablet of aspirin + 1 teaspoon of liquid soap + 1 tablespoon of any vegetable oil with 5 liters of water. Gooseberry bushes are treated with a freshly prepared solution every 12 days during the entire growing season.

Decoctions of dry onion husks in the ratio of 200 g per 10 liters of boiling water noticeably inhibit the spheroteka. Insist 2 days. Spray before and after flowering and after harvest.

Dry tansy well disinfects the soil from spheroteca spores. Pour 30 g of dry grass with flowers with 10 liters of boiling water. Insist for a day. After insisting, boil for 2 hours, cool, drain. With the resulting broth, treat the soil under the bushes in the spring before the leaves bloom and in the fall before the onset of cold weather.

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